הבנת הנקרא באנגלית לכיתה ט

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הרעיון

בכיתה ט כבר לא מספיק להבין מה כתוב. צריך להבין גם איזה סוג טקסט זה ולמה הכותב כתב אותו. לכל סוג יש מטרה אחרת:

מאמר מידע

המטרה: להסביר. מלא בעובדות ובשלבים, עם מילים כמו First, Then ו-After that.

כתבה חדשותית

המטרה: לדווח על אירוע. עונה על מה קרה, איפה, מתי ומי אמר מה, הרבה פעמים ב-reported speech.

מאמר דעה

המטרה: לשכנע. הכותב אומר מה הוא חושב, עם In my opinion, should ו-I believe, ומביא סיבות.

סיפור

המטרה: לספר ולרגש. יש דמויות, בעיה ופתרון, והרבה פעמים מסר בסוף.

שאלה פתוחה

עונים במשפט קצר באנגלית, בעזרת מילים מהשאלה ומהקטע. לא צריך להעתיק את כל המשפט, רק את מה שעונה על השאלה.

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מעבדה: קוראים עם מירי ועונים

בחרו קטע. "קראו לי" מקריא משפט אחרי משפט, והמשפט שנקרא צבוע בצהוב. במצב "קוראים לבד" אין קול, ועוברים משפט בעזרת "המשפט הבא". לחיצה על משפט משמיעה רק אותו, ולחיצה על מילה עם קו מנוקד נותנת את הפירוש.

מאמר מידע

How Recycling Works

Every day, millions of plastic bottles are thrown away around the world. Many of them end up in the sea, where they can fish and birds. However, a large number of these bottles can be and used again. First, the bottles are from special bins that are placed in streets and schools. Then they are taken to a recycling , which is a factory that sorts and cleans waste. At the plant, the bottles are by colour and by type of plastic. After that, they are washed, cut into small pieces and . The melted plastic is made into tiny balls called pellets. These pellets are sold to companies that use them to new things. Surprisingly, a T-shirt or a warm jacket can be made from old bottles. Glass and paper are recycled in a similar way, although each needs a different process. Recycling is not a perfect , because it also uses energy and water. Experts say that it is even better to use fewer bottles in the first place. If every family used a bottle, thousands of bottles would be saved every year. So the next time you finish a drink, think twice before you throw the bottle away.

רעיון מרכזי 1. What is the article mainly about?

פרט מהטקסט 2. What happens to the bottles right after they are separated?

מילת הפניה 3. In sentence 9, what does "them" refer to?

הסקה 4. What can we understand about a family that uses a reusable bottle?

מטרת הכותב 5. What is the writer's main purpose?

מילה בהקשר 6. In "cut into small pieces and melted", the word "melted" means:

שאלה פתוחה 7. According to the article, what two things can be made from old bottles?

כתבו תשובה קצרה באנגלית, ואז לחצו "בדקו":

כתבה חדשותית

The Town That Turned Off Its Screens

Last month, a small town in the north did something that nobody had . For one whole week, all the screens in the town were turned off after six o'clock in the evening. The idea was by a group of teenagers who were about how much time people spent on their phones. The said that he liked the idea, because families talked to each other anymore. Shops agreed to switch off their screens, and even the cinema showed films only in the afternoon. At first, many people were unhappy about the plan. One father told reporters that he could not an evening without the news. However, by the third day, the streets looked very different. Children were playing football in the park, and older people were sitting outside and . The town library, which usually closes early, stayed open until ten o'clock, because so many people wanted to borrow books. A local teacher explained that her students had come to school more and calmer. When the week ended, a was carried out among the . Most of them said that they had enjoyed the experience more than they had thought they would. The teenagers who started the project now hope that other towns will follow their example. The town has already decided to repeat the screen-free week next year.

רעיון מרכזי 1. What is the report mainly about?

פרט מהטקסט 2. Who suggested the idea?

מילת הפניה 3. In sentence 13, who does "them" refer to?

הסקה 4. What can we understand from "by the third day, the streets looked very different"?

מטרת הכותב 5. What is the main purpose of this text?

מילה בהקשר 6. In "a survey was carried out among the residents", the word "residents" means:

שאלה פתוחה 7. What did one father tell reporters at the beginning of the week?

כתבו תשובה קצרה באנגלית, ואז לחצו "בדקו":

מאמר דעה

Should Schools Start Later?

In many countries, the school day starts at eight o'clock or even earlier. In my opinion, this is a , and schools should start at least one hour later. who study sleep have found that teenagers' bodies need more sleep than adults' bodies. In addition, most teenagers find it hard to before eleven o'clock at night. As a result, many students arrive at school tired, and some even fall asleep in class. If school started at nine o'clock, students would be more awake and would learn better. Some people that a later start would problems for working parents. They are worried that parents would have to leave for work before their children leave for school. This is a fair point, but I believe it can be . For example, schools could open their doors early for students who need to arrive before nine. Others say that if school started later, it would also finish later, and there would be less time for hobbies. However, a tired student who sits in a club after school does not enjoy it either. In a town where the start time was changed, test results and fewer students were late. Although changing the is not easy, I am that our health is more important than old . If I were the minister of education, I would make this change tomorrow.

רעיון מרכזי 1. What is the writer's main opinion?

מילת הפניה 2. In sentence 8, who does "They" refer to?

הסקה 3. What can we understand about the writer's answer to working parents?

עובדה או דעה 4. Which of these is a FACT, not an opinion?

מטרת הכותב 5. What is the writer trying to do in this text?

מילה בהקשר 6. In "I am convinced that our health is more important", the word "convinced" means:

שאלה פתוחה 7. Why do many students arrive at school tired?

כתבו תשובה קצרה באנגלית, ואז לחצו "בדקו":

סיפור קצר

The Letter in the Old Book

Last summer, I was helping my grandmother clean a room that was full of old books. Most of the books had not been opened for years, and they were covered in . While I was putting them into boxes, a yellow fell out of a history book. Inside it, there was a letter which had been written in 1975. It was to my grandmother, but it had never been opened. When I showed it to her, she sat down slowly and held it for a long time. She told me that the letter was from her best friend, who had moved to another country when they were young. They had because the friend had never an answer. My grandmother said that she had always why her friend had stopped writing. Now she finally understood: the letter had been in the book the whole time. That evening, we the internet together, and after two hours we found her friend's name. The friend was living in a near the sea, and she still remembered my grandmother. The next week, they spoke on a video call for the first time in almost fifty years. Both of them were laughing and crying at the same time. Since then, they have spoken every Sunday, and my grandmother plans to visit her in spring. I often think about how one small envelope changed her life.

רעיון מרכזי 1. What is the story mainly about?

פרט מהטקסט 2. Where did the envelope fall from?

מילת הפניה 3. In sentence 5, what does "It" refer to?

הסקה 4. How did the grandmother feel when she saw the letter?

מטרת הכותב 5. Why does the writer tell this story?

מילה בהקשר 6. "They had lost touch" means:

שאלה פתוחה 7. Why had the friend stopped writing?

כתבו תשובה קצרה באנגלית, ואז לחצו "בדקו":

לחצו על מילה עם קו מנוקד כדי לשמוע אותה ולראות מה פירושה.

מהירות ההקראהרגיל

נסו את אלה:

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אסטרטגיות וטעויות נפוצות

מטרת הכותב

שואלים: למה הטקסט נכתב? להסביר, לדווח, לשכנע או לספר. מאמר דעה מלא ב-should ו-I believe, ולכן המטרה שלו היא לשכנע, גם אם יש בו עובדות.

עובדה או דעה?

עובדה אפשר לבדוק: test results improved. דעה היא מה שמישהו חושב: schools should start later. מילים כמו should, I think ו-the best מסמנות דעה.

מילות קישור הן שלטים

However ו-Although אומרות שמגיע ניגוד. As a result מסמנת תוצאה, ו-In addition מוסיפה עוד סיבה. שאלה על "למה" נמצאת הרבה פעמים ליד because או As a result.

שאלה פתוחה: עונים על מה שנשאל

אם השאלה שואלת Why, התשובה מתחילה ב-Because. אם היא שואלת What did he say, עונים ב-He said that…. משפט אחד או שניים מספיקים.

עוד קריאה: חזרו להבנת הנקרא באנגלית לכיתה ח. ומילות הקישור שמסמנות את הדרך בקטעים מוסברות בעמוד מילות קישור באנגלית.

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דוגמה: שאלה על מטרת הכותב, צעד אחרי צעד

What is the writer trying to do in "Should Schools Start Later?"

In my opinion, this is a mistake, and schools should start at least one hour later. If school started at nine o'clock, students would be more awake and would learn better. In a town where the start time was changed, test results improved and fewer students were late. Although changing the timetable is not easy, I am convinced that our health is more important than old habits.

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תרגול: קטע ושאלה

קראו את הקטע, או לחצו "השמיעו" כדי לשמוע אותו, וענו על השאלה. שימו לב לסוג השאלה ולסוג הטקסט.

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שאלות שכולם שואלים

איך נראה מבחן unseen באנגלית בכיתה ט?

בדרך כלל יש קטע אחד או שניים באורך של בערך 200 עד 250 מילים, והם יכולים להיות מאמר מידע, כתבה, מאמר דעה או סיפור. אחרי כל קטע יש שאלות סגורות של פרט, רעיון מרכזי, הפניה, הסקה ומילה בהקשר, ועוד שאלה פתוחה אחת או שתיים שעונים עליהן במשפט קצר באנגלית.

איך מלמדים ילד להבדיל בין עובדה לדעה בטקסט באנגלית?

שואלים יחד על כל משפט: אפשר לבדוק את זה? אם כן, זו עובדה. אם זה מה שמישהו חושב, זו דעה. כדאי לחפש מילים כמו should, I believe ו-In my opinion, שמסמנות כמעט תמיד דעה. המאמר על שעת תחילת הלימודים בעמוד הזה הוא תרגיל טוב לזה.

כמה כדאי לתרגל קריאה באנגלית לפני מבחן?

עדיף קצת וכל יום על פני הרבה ביום אחד. קטע אחד ביום, עם הקראה ושאלות, לוקח בערך רבע שעה. אחרי שבועיים של תרגול כזה מזהים מהר יותר את סוג השאלה, ומילים שחוזרות כבר לא עוצרות את הקריאה.